賓語從句The Object Clause

知識重點見初三單元2-3

I know him簡單句I know(that)he is a good boy(復合句)

句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句+連詞(引導詞)+賓語從句

賓語從句的概念：賓語從句在復合句中作主句的賓語。

賓語從句可以作:1.及物動詞2.動詞(多數(shù)為不及物動詞)+介詞的動詞短語3.形容詞的賓語。

一：賓語從句做實意動詞的賓語

(初高中英語李老師：15191416900(同微)

1.大多數(shù)及物動詞或動詞短語也可以帶賓語從句，make sure確保keep in mind牢記

如:I know that I am the best。I must make sure that no one will come，we must keep in mind that we can’t eat dogs

2.當動詞find,feel,consider,make,believe等，后面有賓語補足語的時候,則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句后置.(初高中英語李老師：15191416900(同微)

I make it possible that the fish can live without water

如：I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我認為每天多喝開水是有必要的.

如：I feel it a pity that I haven't been to the get-together.我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾.

注：it做形式賓語代替的賓語從句只能是用that引導

3.部分動詞短語和不及物動詞后面跟的賓語從句一般用wh做引導詞

部分"動詞+副詞"結(jié)構(gòu)也可以帶賓語從句

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.

我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部.

The new book is about how houses were made這本新書是關(guān)于房子是如何建造的.

二：賓語從句做介詞的賓語

Mr.Li was angry at what you saidWhether we can succeed or not depend on how well you study

三：形容詞的賓語從句

有些形容詞具有動詞的含義，可帶賓語從句，如:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised等形容詞如：I am sure that he will come I am sorry I am late.I am glad that you can join us.

第一講：賓語從句的引導詞

（陳述句--肯定句/否定句）

由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句

（特殊疑問句）

由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which，what連接副詞where,how,why,when引導的賓語從句

（一般疑問句）

由從屬連詞whether, if引導的賓語從句

一、連詞（引導詞）

1.當賓語從句是陳述句時（包括肯定句和否定句），由that引導且在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此常省略

(初高中英語李老師：15191416900(同微)

Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better.

She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday.

Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. He said (that) he would like to see the headmaster.

I hear (that)he will be back in an hour.(一小時后他會回來)

The teacher told us (that)the earth moves around the sun(地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn))

2.當賓語從句是一般疑問句時，由whether或if引導（口語用if），if/whether翻譯成：“是否”，具有一定的意義，所以不能省略

Lily wanted to knowif /whether her mother liked the gift .

She asked meif /whether she could borrow these books .

由從屬連詞whether, if引導的賓語從句

1. I want to knowif (whether) he will go to the park with us(他是否跟我們一起去公園)

以下三個情況只能用whether引導（李老師警告要好好記）

2. Ask himwhether (if) he can come(他是否能來)3. I don’t knowwhether it is going to rain or not(是否要下雨)

1.當句末為or not時，引導詞只能用whether而不能用if.

2.在介詞后面,引導詞只能用whether而不能用if. 3，whether后跟動詞不定式

3.當賓語從句是特殊疑問句時，由連接代詞(what, who, whom, which, whose)或連接副詞(when, where, how, why)引導，因為連接代詞或連接副詞在從句中擔任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略

第二講：賓語從句的語序

在英語中的語序有兩種：

陳述句語序：指情態(tài)動詞/系動詞/助動詞/實意動詞在主語的后面I like the apple

一般疑問句語序：指情態(tài)動詞/系動詞/助動詞在主語的前面do you like the apple？

在賓語從句當中，從句永遠用陳述句語序，即：主句+連接詞

例如：Where does he live? I don’t know. = I don’t knowwhere he lives.

判斷正誤：以下兩個選項哪個是正確的

1. When will he go to the library?

˜A: His brother asks whenhe will go tothe library . B: His brother asks whenwill he go tothe library .

2. What does he want to buy ?

˜ A: I don’t know whatdoes he wantto buy . B: I don’t know whathe wantsto buy .

3. Who are we going to meet ?

˜ A: Can you tell mewho are we going tomeet ? B：Can you tell me whowe are going tomeet ?

4. Does he know French ?

˜ A: We want to know if/whetherhe knowsFrench . B: We want to know if/whetherdoes he knowFrench.

5. Will they go to Canada in summer ?

˜ A: They’ re not sure if /whetherthey will go toCanada in summer .

B: They’ re not sure if /whetherwill they go toCanada in summer .

把下面兩個句子合成一個賓語從句：

1.Did the students have a picnic last Sunday ? Do you know ?

Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday

2.Mr. Smith have been in China for about three years . Jim told Lin Tao .

Jim told Lin Tao (that) Mr Smith have been in C.......

3.Which book should I read first ? Please tell me

Please tell me which book I should read first.

4.Light travels faster than sound . Our teacher told us yesterday.

Our teacher told us yesterday light travels faster than sound .

例如：

Please tell me. Where are the students

I want to know. will it rain today?

I don’t know. Is she our new English teacher?

Tell me. Are you going to clean the room?

由連接代詞what, whom, whose, which, what及副詞when, where, how, why引導的賓語從句

1.He asked______________________. (誰能回答這個問題)

2.Do you know_who they are waiting for?________________________.(他們在等誰)

3.He asked __who danced better______________________________.(誰跳舞最好)

4.Please tell me _______________________.(我們什么時候開會)

5. Can you tell me _______________.(他在哪兒)

6. Could you tell me ______________________.(我該怎么去車站)

帶how的詞組也都可以引導賓語從句

Could you tell ushow muchit costs to fly to Ankang ? Could you tell ushow oftenyou go abroad for a holiday ?

Could you tell ushow longthe meeting will last ? I don’t knowhow farit is to the cinema .

Please tell ushow manystudents there are in your school ? Can you tell ushow oldhis brother is ?

第三講：賓語從句的時態(tài)

1.如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài) （包括一般現(xiàn)在時，現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時），從句的時態(tài)可根據(jù)實際情況而定隨意選用，（包括一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時，一般將來時，現(xiàn)在完成時等）

I know he lives here. I know he lived here ten years ago. I have heard that he will come tomorrow .

2.如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時），那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應(yīng)的過去的某種時態(tài)（包括一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時， 過去完成時）

I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother.

He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .

Is/am/are+V-ing have/has+done

Was/were +V-ing had +done

3.當從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時從句永遠用一般現(xiàn)在時。

The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun .

1. I didn’t know what time he ____ the letter. (write)

2. Miss Wang told me that the earth ______(move) round the sun.

3. Could you tell me who ______ away the book already? (take)

4. Ling Feng told me he _____ to Shanghai several times. (be)

5. Our teacher told us in class the sun ______ in the east. (rise)

6. Can you tell me what they ____ yesterday? (do)

賓語從句考點小總結(jié)三大部分7個考點：

一：引導詞

1當從句是陳述句時用that

2當從句時一般疑問句時用If/whether引導 是否 不能省略

3當從句是特殊疑問句時用它本身的特殊疑問詞引導，不能省略

二：語序：賓語從句當中，從句永遠用陳述句語序

三：時態(tài)：

1：主現(xiàn)從任意

2：主過從過

3：客觀真理永遠用一般現(xiàn)在時

注意事項

1.could/would有時是情態(tài)動詞原形并表示委婉語氣，不是過去式。賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)實際情況用不同時態(tài)。

Could you please tell me where we can buy tickets ? Could you tell us which gate we have to go to ?

Would you like to know when he will come back?

2.主句的謂語動詞是ask時，引導詞不可能是that;如果主句的謂語動詞是say時，引導詞用that

She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk . He said (that) he was going to take care of the child .

He asks if I like playing the piano . You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus station .

3.如果從句中含有or或or not時，只能用whether而不用if . Could you tell me whether that’s a fast trainor not ?

Do you know whether he is right or not ? I don’t care whether he’ll stay here or not .

一、用所給動詞的正確形式填空。

1.We are sure that he _____________ (go) to school tomorrow.

2.Our father said that he ________(will) buy a new computer.

3.I hear that he ________(swim) in the sea yesterday.

4.I asked if he _______(can) hike to the top of the mountain.

5.I’m not sure whether there _____(be) some animals in the zoo.

二、將下列句子連接成為復合句，每空一詞

6.Jane will come to the party on time. I believe.

I believe that Jane ____________the party on time.

7.Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.

My teacher told me _____light ______faster than sound.

8.Can they speak French? I want to know.

I want to know _________________________French.

9.Are the children playing games? Tell me.

Tell me __________the children ____________games.

10.Can you tell me? Did the sports meeting last for three days?

Can you tell me __________the sports meeting ______for three days?

綜合習題：

一：單項選擇題

1.The young man asked ____ it's summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether

2.We don't know _____ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which

3. The teacher asks us ___ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time

4. Does anybody know ______ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .

A. if B. where C. whether D. that

5. I wonder _____ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when

6. Lily said _____ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where

7. I don’t know ______ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether

8 Could you show me ______ ?

A.how can I get to the station B. where is the station

C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station

9. Please tell me _______. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like

10.. Could you tell me how much ________to fly to Ankang ?

A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs

11. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _____ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is

12.I don't know ______ he will come tomorrow. ______ he comes, I'll tell you.

A. if; WhetherB. whether; WhetherC. if; ThatD. if; If

13.I don't know ______ the day after tomorrow.A. when does he comeB. how will he come

C. if he comesD. whether he'll come

14.Could you tell me ______ the nearest hospital is?A. whatB. howC. whetherD. where

15.Do you know where ______ now?A. he livesB. does he liveC. he livedD. did he live

二：將下列句子合并為一句:

4.“ I am doing my homework.” He said.

5.“I will come back.” Tom said.

6.“Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked.

7.Does Mr. Li enjoy teaching us? Could you tell us?(改寫句子)

→Could you tell us _________ Mr.Li _________ teaching us?

8."Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.(變?yōu)閺秃暇?

→He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help.

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