看法

1. How do you like sth? 你認為……怎么樣？

How do you like Beijing?你覺得北京怎么樣?

2. What do you think of sth?

What do you think of Beijing?你覺得北京怎么樣?

建議

1. Why don’t you do sth? 怎么不做某事呢？

Why don’t you play football with us?為什么不跟我們一起踢足球呢?

2. Why not do sth? 何不做某事呢？

Why not play football with us?何不跟我們一起踢足球?

3. How / What about ...? ...... 怎么樣？

How about going fishing?去釣魚怎么樣?

4. had better (not) do sth最好（不）做某事

You’d better study hard at English.你最好努力學英語。You’d better not stay up.你最好不要熬夜。

5. Let’s do sth咱們做……

Let’s go home.咱們回家吧。

出毛病

1. What’s the matter with sb / sth? 出什么毛病了？

What’s the matter with your watch?你的表出什么毛病了?

2. There is sth wrong with sth / sb 某物/某人出什么狀況了

There is something wrong with my car.我的車出毛病了。

3.Something is wrong with ...……出了毛病

Something is wrong with my car.我的車出毛病了。

花費

1. It takes sb some time to do sth某人花多少時間做某事

It took me ages to find a present for Dad.我花了很長時間才找到一樣給爸爸的禮物。

2. sb spends some time (in) doing sth某人花時間/錢做某事

I spent too much time watching television.我看電視花的時間太多。

3. sb spends some time / money on sth某人在某事上花時間/金錢

How long did you spend on your homework?你的家庭作業(yè)用了多長時間?She spent $100 on a new dress.她花了100美元買了一條新連衣裙。

4. sth costs sb some money某物花了某人多少錢

The meal cost us about $40.這頓飯花了我們約40美元。

5. sb pays some money for sth某人為某物付錢

She pays $200 a week for this apartment.這套房子她每周要付租金200美元。

異同

1. be different from與……不同

The weather in Beijing is different from that of Nanjing.北京的天氣不同于南京的天氣。

2. be the same as與……相同

His trousers are the same as mine.他的褲子和我的一樣。

交往

1. welcome to歡迎到……

Welcome to China.歡迎來到中國。

2. say hello / goodbye to sb向某人告別

I came to say good-bye to you.我來向你道別。

3. be friendly to sb對某人友好

Mr Wang is very friendly to us.王先生對我們很友好。

4. help sb (to) do sth幫助某人做某事

Lucy often helps Lily (to) wash her clothes.露西經(jīng)常幫莉莉洗衣服。He usually helps me (to) learn English.他通常幫助我學習英語。

5. help sb with sth幫助某人做某事

I sometimes help my mother with the housework.我有時幫媽媽做家務。

6. thank sb for (doing) sth感謝某人（做）某事

Thank you for your help.感謝你的幫助。Thank you for helping me.感謝你幫助我。

7. call / ring sb up 給某人打電話

I will call you up tomorrow.我明天給你打電話。

8. ask sb for sth向某人要某物

They often ask me for advice.他們經(jīng)常向我尋求建議。

9. be busy doing sth忙于做某事

They are busy planting trees on the hill.他們忙著在山坡上種樹。

10. be interested in sth對某事感興趣

English is very interesting. We are all interested in it.英語很有趣。我們對英語都感興趣。

11. be good at sth / doing sth擅長某事/做某事

He is good at English.他擅長英語。They are good at boating.他們擅長劃船。

12. have nothing to do with sb

Get out! It has nothing to do with you.出去!這根本就不關你的事。

計劃

1. be going to do sth

We are going to study in Japan.我們要去日本學習。

2. plan to do sth打算做某事

He planed to do his homework tonight.他今晚打算寫作業(yè)。

3. make it +時間

Let’s make it 8:30.咱們把時間定在8點半吧。

4. be ready to do sth

We are ready to have lunch.我們準備吃午飯了。

5. go boating / fishing/ camping / climbing etc.

6. take sb to

Father will take us to the Summer Palace next Sunday.下周日爸爸要帶我們?nèi)ヮU和園。

疑問

1. What ... for?為什么

What do you learn English for?你為什么學英語?

2. What … mean by doing …? 做……是什么意思？

What do you mean by doing that?你那么做什么意思?

3. What / Whoelse ...還有什么/還有誰……

What else did he say?他還說了些什么?Who else is going?還有誰去?

意愿、喜好

1. want to do sth想做某事

What do you want to do tomorrow?明天你想做什么?

2. want sb to do sth想讓某人做某事

Do you want me to help?你要我?guī)兔��?

3. feel like doing想做某事

We all felt like celebrating.我們都想慶祝一番。

4. would like to do sth愿意做某事

Would you like to go climbing with me?你愿意和我去登山嗎?

5. would like sb to do sth愿意某人做某事

What would you like me to do?您要我做什么?

6. hope to do sth 希望某人做某事

We hope to arrive around two.我們希望能在兩點鐘左右到達。

7. have to do sth不得不做某事

I have to go home now.我現(xiàn)在必須得回家。

8. need to do sth需要做某事

You need to study hard.你需要努力學習。

9. need sth 需要某物

I don’t need your money.我不需要你的錢。

10. what to do做什么

We don’t know what to do next.我們不知道接下來做什么。

11. like doing / to do sth喜歡做某事

Jim likes swimming, but he doesn’t like to swim now.吉姆喜歡游泳，但他不喜歡現(xiàn)在游。

12. prefer A to B / prefer doing A to doing B

Lucy prefers English to French.語法與相比，露西更喜歡英語。I prefer staying at home to going to the cinema.與去電影院相比，我更喜歡呆在家里。

遠近

1. be far from離……遠

His school is far from his home.學校離他家很遠。

2. be near to離……近

The hospital is near to the post office.醫(yī)院離郵局很近。

使讓

1. make sb do sth使某人做某事

My parents always make me do my homework before I go out.我父母總是要我做完作業(yè)再出去。

2. be made to do sth被迫做某事

I was made to wait four hours before I was examined by a doctor.我被迫等了四個小時才有醫(yī)生給我做檢查。

3. have sb do sth使某人做某事

You shouldn’t have the students work so hard.不應該讓學生學得這么苦。

4. let sb do sth讓某人做某事

They won’t let him leave the country.他們不許他離開這個國家。Let me sing a song for you.讓我給你唱首歌吧。

5. tell sb to do sth讓某人做某事

Mother told me to go shopping with her.媽媽要我跟她去購物。

6. ask sb to do sth請人做某事

Ask John to mail these letters tomorrow.請約翰明天把這些信寄出去。

起始

1. start doing / to do sth開始做某事

I started learning English in 1999.我1999年開始學英語I started to watch TV after finishing my homework.做完作業(yè)我開始看電視。

2. begin / start (sth) with sth以某事開始（某事）

They started the meeting with a song.他們在會議開始前唱了一首歌。

到達

1. get to / reach / arrive at / in 達到某地

I got to / arrived in / reached London late at night.我們深夜到達倫敦。

比較

1.主語+ be + the +最高級+ of / in短語

Lucy is the tallest in her class.露西在班里是最高的。

2.主語+ be +比較級+ than any other + n

Lucy is taller than any other student in her class.露西比班里其他同學都高。

否定轉(zhuǎn)移

1.主語+ don’t think +從句認為……不……

I don’t think it will rain tomorrow.我認為明天不下雨。

感嘆句

1. How + adj / adv +主+謂！多么……��！

How beautiful the house is!多么漂亮的房子啊!

2. What + a / an + adj + n +主+謂！

What a beautiful house it is!多么漂亮的房子啊!

3. What + adj +復數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+主+謂！

What bad weather it is today!今天天氣真差啊!What nice people they are!他們是多好的人啊!

it作形式主語 / 賓語

1. It’s + adj + (for sb) to do sth做某事對某人來說怎么樣

It’s really difficult to read your writing.你的筆跡真是難以辨認。It’s difficult for them to to get here much before seven.他們很難在七點以前早早地來到這里。

2. find it + adj + to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事如何

The kids found it hard to stay still.孩子們覺得待著不動很難做到。

雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)

1. give sb sth / give sth to sb把某物給某人

Jim gave me an English dictionary. / Jim gave an English dictionary to me.吉姆給了我一本英語字典。

2. show sb sth / show sth to sb給某人看某物/把某物給某人看

Please show me the map. / Please show the map to me.請把地圖給我看一下。

3. pass sb sth / pass sth to sb把某物遞給某人

Pass me the cup of tea. / Pass the cup of tea to me.把那杯茶遞給我。

4. buy sb sth / buy sth for sb為某人買某物

Mother bought me a bike. / Mother bought a bike for me.媽媽給我買了自行車。

5. make sb sth / make sth for sb為某人制造某物

She made us all coffee. / She made coffee for us all.她給我們大家沖了咖啡。

6. call sb / sth + n把某人/某物叫做……

They decided to call the baby Mark.他們決定給嬰兒取名馬克。

非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)

1. finish doing sth 做完某事

I finished cleaning my car just now.我剛剛洗完車。

2. enjoy doing sth 喜歡做某事

They all enjoy living and working in China.他們都很喜歡在中國生活和工作。

3. forget doing sth 忘記做過某事（已做）

I will never forget hearing this piece of music for the first time.我永遠不會忘記第一次聽到這首曲子的情景。

4. forget to do sth忘了要做某事（未做）

I forgot to ask him for his address.我忘了跟他要地址。

5. remember doing sth記得做過某事（已做）

Do you remember turning off the lights before we came out?你記得我們出來之前關燈了嗎?

6. remember to do sth記住去做某事（未做）

Remember to take some paper and a pen.記住帶些紙，還要帶上一支筆。

7. stop to do sth停下來去做另一件事

He stopped to talk with Mary when she entered the office.瑪麗進辦公室后，他停下來跟她說話。

8. stop doing sth 停止做某事

The students stopped talking when the teacher came in.老師進來后學生們不再說話。

9. go on doing sth不停地做某事

He said nothing but just went on working.他什么都不說，只是不停地干活。

10. go on to do sth（完成某事后）接著做另一件事

He went on to read after finishing washing the dishes.他洗完盤子去讀書了。

11. go on with sth 繼續(xù)某事

He went on with his work after a short rest.短暫休息后他繼續(xù)工作。

12. watch / see / hear sb do sth觀看/看見/聽到某人做了某事（全過程）

I saw you put the key in your pocket.我見你把鑰匙放進了口袋里。

13. watch / see / hear sb doing sth 觀看/看見/聽到某人在做某事（點動作）

He saw the boy playing alone by the lake this time yesterday.

昨天這個時候他看到那個男孩兒獨自在湖邊玩耍。

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