狀語用于修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，一般由副詞、介詞短語、不定式短語或從句充當(dāng)。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。

e.g. I will gotheretomorrow. 我明天去那兒。(there地點狀語，tomorrow時間狀語)

e.g. The meeting will be heldin the meeting room. 會議將在會議室舉行。(表示地點的狀語)

e.g. The meat went badbecause of the hot weather.由于天熱，肉壞了。(表示原因的狀語)

e.g. Thank youvery much.非常感謝。(表示程度的副詞)

狀語從句的分類

定義

：在句子中起狀語作用的句子。分類如下：

時間

狀語從句：when\while, before, after, until(直到...), as soon as(一...就...), since(自從)

條件

狀語從句：if (如果), as long as (只要), unless (除非)

原因

狀語從句：because, for, as, since (既然)

目的

狀語從句：so that (為了, 便于), in order that (為了)

結(jié)果

狀語從句：so...that... (如此...以至于...)

讓步

狀語從句：thought\although(盡管、雖然);even if\even though (即使);whatever(無論什么)...

......

時間狀語從句

When

(1)“當(dāng)....時”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，從句中的動詞可以用延續(xù)性動詞，也可以用非延續(xù)性動詞。

e.g. I feel very happy when you come to see me. 當(dāng)你來看我時，我感覺非常開心。

e.g. I worked for a foreign company when I was in shanghai. 當(dāng)我在上海時，我在一家外企工作。

while

(2)“當(dāng)…時”，引導(dǎo)的從句常用延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的詞語。

e.g. They rushed in while we were having dinner. 當(dāng)我們正在吃晚飯時，他們沖了進(jìn)來。

before

(3)表示“在...之前”;after表示“在....之后”

e.g. I will always study hard before I enter Peking University. 在我考入北大之前，我會一直努力學(xué)習(xí)。

e.g. She showed me many beautiful stamps after I go to her home. 我到她家之后，她給我看了很多漂亮的郵票。

until

(4)“直到....”;not....until...“直到...才...”，有時不用not,而用其他表示否定的詞語，如：never等。

e.g. I 'll wait for you until you come to see me. 我會等你直到你來看我。

e.g. I did not go to bed until I finished my homework. 直到我完成了作業(yè)才去睡覺。

since

(5)“自...以來”，主句用多用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時。

e.g. I have worked in this company since I graduated from Peking University. 我畢業(yè)后就在這家公司上班了。

as soon as

(6)“一....就…”，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來。

e.g. As soon as he arrives, I 'll tell him. 他一到我就會告訴他。

條件狀語從句

if

(1)“如果”，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來。

e.g. I’ll visit the Great Wall if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我要去參觀長城。

unless

(2)“除非”，注意為了強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的完成，從句中也能用完成時。

e.g. We will go for a picnic tomorrow unless it rains. 除非天下雨，我們會去野餐。(unless it rains = if it doesn't rain ).

as long as

(3)“只要...”，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來。

You can go out to play as long as you finish your task. 只要你完成任務(wù)，你就可以出去玩。

原因狀語從句

because

(1)“因為”，表示因果關(guān)系的語氣最強(qiáng)，常用來回答why的提問。

e.g. I was late for school because I got up late. 因為我起晚了，所以我上學(xué)遲到了。

【注意】because“因為”，so“所以”，用于并列句時，兩者不能用時出現(xiàn)在一個句子里，只能用一個。

e.g. Because he was tired, he couldn't walk here. = He was tired, so he couldn't walk here. 因為他累了，所以沒能走到那。

since

(2)“既然”，常放在句首。

e.g. Since Monday is Bob's birthday, let's give him a party. 既然周一是鮑勃的生日，讓我們給他舉辦一個派對了。

目的狀語從句

so that

(1)“為了,以便”，表示目的。

e.g. I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me. 為了你能懂我，我會慢慢說。

in order that

(2)“為了”，當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語一致時，可以用in order that引導(dǎo)。

e.g. He worked day and night in order that he could succeed.(=in order to succeed.) 為了成功，他夜以繼日地工作。

結(jié)果狀語從句

so..that.../ such...that...

由“如此...以至于...”引導(dǎo)， so后接形容詞或副詞;such后接名詞。

e.g. She is so lovely that we like her very much. 她太可愛了，我們都很喜歡她。

e.g. She is such a lovely girl that we like her very much. 她是如此一個可愛的女孩兒，我們都很喜歡她。

特別注意：

當(dāng)名詞是復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時，只能用such。

讓步狀語從句

though\although

(1)“雖然，盡管”，都表示讓步，一般情況下可以互換，although大多放在句首，不可和but連用。

e.g. Although he was Japanese, he spent most of his life in China. 雖然他是一個日本人，但在中國度過了大半生。

even though\even if

(2)“即使,盡管,縱然”，都表示讓步，語氣比though\although更強(qiáng)。

e.g. Even though he is 24 now, he is still like a little child. 盡管他現(xiàn)在24歲了，但他仍像一個小孩兒。

wh-ever

(3)類引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，�？梢該Q成“no matter +相應(yīng)的wh-詞語”，在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時只能用wh-ever.

e.g. Whenever I am unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.

=No matter when I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up. 無論何時我不高興，都是我的朋友使我振作起來。

用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空

1. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) came to China __________ he was fifty.

2. He began to work __________ he got there.

3. Let's begin our meeting __________everyone is here.

4. I like the English people, __________ I don't like their food.

5. __________ you go in China, you can see smiling faces.

6. He didn't come to the lecture, __________ he was very busy.

7. __________we had enough time, we walked to the cinema.

8. They will help you __________ you meet with difficulty.

9. _________ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot.

10.I didn't join them yesterday evening __________ I had to go to an important meeting.

11. We would try to get a car __________we could all travel together more easily.

12. She wouldn't forget her mother's birthday __________ she seldom wrote to her family.

13. We're doing everything we can to make things as easy for you ___________we can.

14. The meeting became so disorderly __________ the speaker had to shout the audience down.

15. He was angrier __________ ever before.

16. The poor dog lay at the end of the driveway and hardly moved. I was very sad, ____________ dared not say anything to my mother.

17. Never lose heart ____________ you’ll make a quick advance in your project.

18. In a talk at Tsinghua University in Beijing, Zuckerberg spoke Chinese for about 30 minutes. ____________ his Chinese was far from perfect, the students cheered his effort.

19. Ten years later I still keep in touch with my classmates, ____________ I’ve never met them after graduation.

20. Scientists say it may be five or six years ____________ it is possible to test this medicine on patients.

參考答案：

1. when; 2. as soon as; 3. as; 4. though;

5. Wherever; 6. because; 7. Since; 8. whenever;

9. Since; 10. because; 11. so that; 12. though;

13. as; 14. that; 15. than; 16 but 17 and

18 Though/Although/While 19 though/although

20. before

選擇填空

1. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.

A. Though

B. Since

C. For

D. So

2. ---Do you know if he _______ to play basketball with us?

---I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow.

A. comes; is

B. comes; will be

C. will come; is

D. will come; will be

3. In the zoo if a child _____ into the water and can’t swim, the dolphins may come up ______ him.

A. will fall; to help

B. falls; to help

C. will fall; help

D. falls; helping

4. I don’t remember ________ he worked in that city when he was young.

A. what

. which

C. where

D. who

5. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow.

A. comes

B. come

C. will come

D. is coming

6. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green.

A. not; before

B. don’t; when

C. not to; until

D. not; after

7. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike.

A. when

B. that

C. until

D. because

8. I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow.

A. will be

B. shall be

C. am

D. was

9. In the exam, the ________ you are, ______ the _______ mistakes you will make.

A. careful; little

B. more careful; fewest

C. more careful; fewer

D. more careful; less

10. You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play.

A. before

B. after

C. when

D. while

11. I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class.

A. since

B. so that

C. as if

D. unless

12. When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _______ you have any questions.

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. though

13. The teacher raised his voice _______ all the students could hear him.

A. for

B. so that

C. because

D. in order

14. He took off his coat _______ he felt hot.

A. because

B. as

C. if

D. since

15. It is ______ that we’d like to go out for a walk.

A. a lovely day

B. too lovely a day

C. so lovely a day

D. such lovely a day

16. Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.

A. such

B. so

C. too

D. very

17. _______ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.

A. Although

B. Because

C. As

D. As if

18. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse.

A. With

B. Since

C. While

D. As

19. ______ well you can drive, you must drive carefully.

A. So long as

B. In order that

C. No matter how

D. The moment

20. Write to me as soon as you ________ to Beijing.

A. will get

B. get

C. getting

D. got

答案

1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A

6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.A

11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C

16.B 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B

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