中考網(wǎng)整理了關(guān)于2021年中考英語介詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)：常見介詞用法錯(cuò)誤，希望對(duì)同學(xué)們有所幫助，僅供參考。

　　[誤] We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak.

　　[正] We got to the top of the mountain at day break.

　　[析] at用于具體時(shí)刻之前，如：sunrise， midday， noon， sunset， midnight， night.

　　[誤] Don’t sleep at daytime

　　[正] Don’t sleep in daytime.

　　[析] in 要用于較長的一段時(shí)間之內(nèi)，如：in the morning / afternoon， 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。

　　[誤] We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.

　　[正] We visited the old man on Sunday afternoon.

　　[析] in the morning， in the afternoon 如果在這兩個(gè)短語中加入任何修飾詞其前面的介詞都要改為on， 如：on a cold morning， on the morning of July 14th

　　[誤] He became a writter at his twenties

　　[正] He became a writter in his twenties

　　[析]這句話應(yīng)譯為：他在20多歲時(shí)就成了作家。在某人的一段生活時(shí)間段中要用介詞in來表示，而在具體歲數(shù)時(shí)用at來表示。

　　[誤] He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old.

　　[正] He went to New York to find a job at sixteen.

　　[析] 在具體年歲前用at， 如：at the age of 12， at your age，等等。

　　[誤] We went to swim in the river in a very hot day.

　　[正] We went to swim in the river on a very hot day.

　　[析] 具體某一天要用介詞on， 又如：on New Year‘s Day

　　[誤] I’m looking forward to seeing you on Christmas.

　　[正] I’m looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas.

　　[析]在節(jié)日的當(dāng)天用on，而全部節(jié)日期間用at，Christmas是圣誕節(jié)期間，一般要有兩周或更長的時(shí)間。

　　[誤] I haven’t see you during the summer holidays.

　　[正] I haven’t seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays.

　　[析] during表示在某一段時(shí)間之內(nèi)，所以一般不與完成時(shí)搭配，如：I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而for表示一段時(shí)間，可以用于完成時(shí)，如：I haven‘t see you for a long time. 而through 用來表示時(shí)間時(shí)則為“整整，全部的時(shí)間”。如：It rained through the night.而since則是表達(dá)主句動(dòng)作的起始時(shí)間，一般要與完成時(shí)連用。

　　[誤] At entering the classroom， I heard the good news.

　　[正] On entering the classroom， I heard the good news.

　　[析] On 加動(dòng)名詞表示“一……就”。本句的譯文應(yīng)是：我一進(jìn)入教室就聽見這個(gè)好消息了。又如：on hearing… 一聽見， on arrival 一到達(dá)就……(on表示動(dòng)作的名詞)

　　[誤] In the beginning of the book， there are some interesting stories.

　　[正] At the beginning of the book， there are some interesting stories.

　　[析] at the begining與at the end都是指某事物的開始與結(jié)束部分，均不指時(shí)間范圍，而in the beginning 則是指開始一段時(shí)間。in the end=at last是指“最終，終于”之意。

　　[誤] Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work.

　　[正] By the end of next week. I will have finished this work.

　　[析] by 引起的時(shí)間狀語表示了動(dòng)作的截止點(diǎn)，其意思為“不遲于某一時(shí)刻將工作做完”，所以主句一般是完成時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)然可以有將來時(shí)態(tài)，如：I‘ll be there by five o’clock.而till則表達(dá)其一動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻，但句中的動(dòng)詞一定要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，而瞬間的截止性動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用其否定句式，如：I won‘t finish this work till(until) next weekend.

　　[誤] He came to London before last weekend.

　　[正] He had come to London before last weekend.

　　[正] He came to London two weeks ago.

　　[析] before 一般要與完成時(shí)連用，而ago則與一般過去時(shí)連用。

　　[誤] I have studied English for three years gince I had come here.

　　[正] I have studied English for three years since I came here.

　　[析] since用來表達(dá)主句動(dòng)作的開始時(shí)間，所以其引出的從句中應(yīng)為過去時(shí)，而不能用完成時(shí)態(tài)

　　[誤] I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours.

　　[正] I can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours.

　　[析]中文經(jīng)常講兩小時(shí)之后來取，兩天內(nèi)會(huì)修好，而這個(gè)介詞在英文中要用in而不要用after.其原因有二，①after 多用于過去時(shí)，如：I arrived in New York. After three days， I found a job in the bank. ② after 加時(shí)間是表達(dá)一個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間范圍，如：after three days， 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在許諾若干時(shí)間內(nèi)會(huì)完成某事時(shí)，一定要用介詞in.

　　[誤] Three days after he died.

　　[正] After three days he died.

　　[正] Three days later he died.

　　[析] after 與 later都可以用來表達(dá)一段時(shí)間之后，但它們所處的位置不同，after 在時(shí)間詞前，而later在時(shí)間詞后。

　　[誤] She hid herself after the tree.

　　[正] She hid herself behind the tree.

　　[析] after多用來表達(dá)某動(dòng)作之后，所以有的語法書中稱它為動(dòng)態(tài)介詞，如：I run after him. After finishing my homework， I went to see a film. 而behind則多用于靜態(tài)事物之后。

　　[誤] There is a beautiful bird on the tree.

　　[正] There is a beautiful bird in the tree.

　　[析] 樹上長出的果實(shí)，樹葉要用on， 而其他外來的人、物體均要用in the tree.

　　[誤] Shanghai is on the east of China.

　　[正] Shanghai is in the east of China.

　　[析] 在表達(dá)地理位置時(shí)有3個(gè)介詞：in， on， to. in表示在某范圍之內(nèi); on表示與某地區(qū)接壤;to則表示不相接。如：Japan is to the east of China.

　　[誤] I arrived at New York on July 2nd.

　　[正] I arrived in New York on July 2nd.

　　[析] at用來表達(dá)較小的地方，而in用來表達(dá)較大的地方。at常用于at the school gate， at home， at a bus stop， at the station， at the cinema， at a small village.

　　[誤] He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road.

　　[正] He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road.

　　[析] 在門牌號(hào)碼前要用at， 并要注意它的慣用法：at the end of the street， at the foot of the mountain， at the top of the page.

　　[誤] There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall.

　　[正] There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.

　　[析] 在屋內(nèi)的角落應(yīng)用in，而墻的外角用at，如：There is a tree at the corner of the street.

　　[誤] This weekend I’ll stay in Uncle Wang’s.

　　[正] This weekend I’ll stay at Uncle Wang’s.

　　[析] 要注意英文的特殊表達(dá)法，如：at a tailor’s shop (裁縫店)=at a tailor’s， at the doctor’s (去看病) at the bookseller’s (在書店) at uncle Wang’s (在王叔叔家)

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